Prof. Dr. Darinca Carmen Todea is Head of Department of  Oral Rehabilitation and Dental Emergencies, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara. She is Co-Director of the European Master Degree in Oral Laser  Applications at Timisoara University Branch and visiting senior lecturer in the School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK. Professor Todea main research interests include laser application for investigations and treatment in dentistry, laser biomodulation as a noninvasive and nondestructive treatment method, dental materials, bioengineering, biocompatibility, optoelectronics. Since 1997 prof. dr. Todea is PhD in medicine, with the topic „Effect of laser radiation on dental hard tissue”. She is director of ED-WFLD (European Division of World Federation of Laser Dentistry). Since 2003 she is Founding member and President of SRLS (Romanian Society of Lasers in Dentistry). She was President of the congress for the past 8 editions of International Congress for Laser in Medicine. Prof. Todea was editor of the SPIE ISI Proceedings,  for The Fifth, Six, and Seven International Conference on Lasers in Medicine. In the field of laser dentistry she has since 1990 a research team focused on laser application in dental medicine. She has the Advanced Proficiency Certification from ALD (Academy of Laser in Dentistry) in the use of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG Laser in dentistry and the Competency for „Laser – Dental Therapy”. Since 2018 she is Co-editor in the section of Laser dentistry in the Dentistry Journal.

Title: Effect of 808nm diode laser photobiomodulation in healing acceleration after bone regeneration with/without implant placement

Todea D C M
1School of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania; *Corresponding author: todea.darinca@umft.ro
Keywords: photobiomodulation 808nm, bone graft, OCT, implant, CBCT

Background

The long-term success of dental implants mainly depends on their osseointegration but in the same time is related to the nearly bone stage formation. The effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on implants have been explored with regard to both the connective tissue cells, as well as cells mediating osseointegration. The lecture will be divided in two parts: the in vivo animal study and the human clinical retrospective study on socket preservation with/without implant placement.

Material and methods

The aim of the animal study was to evaluate the capability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging instrument to analyze the increase in the quantity of newly-formed bone using 808nm diode laser PBM. Bone formation is quantitatively assessed in 5mm diameter defects created in the calvaria part of the skull of living rats. Samples are divided in 3 groups: A, a negative control group (natural healing process of the defect); B, a positive control group (bovine graft was used); C, a study group (bovine graft and PBM 808nm diode laser, 2J/cm2/point; laser dose 18,9J is applied throughout the entire healing period). PBM has been performed every 48h until the animals were sacrificed (after 14, 21, and 30 days), and the samples are imaged using the multimodal CMS/SS- OCT instrument. In the human clinical retrospective study on socket preservation with/without implant placement, a number of 46 human healthy subjects were included in the study. The patients were divided in 2 groups: group 1 received bone augmentation with/without implant placement and group 2 received bone grafting and PBM with/without implant placement. The laser irradiation was performed on the side of the extraction, and the contralateral side was used as control. A 808nm diode laser was used in contact mode with 2J/cm2/point (laser dose of 56.7-75.6J/site). A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) density measurement software was used in order to determine the quality of the newly formed bone.

Results

In the animal study, the method allows for the simultaneous monitoring of the bone tissue via two perpendicular cross-sections and nine en-face images taken at adjustable depths into the sample. A global image with course axial resolution allows for the positioning of the field-of-view of the system on the area of interest on the tissue. The quantitative assessment of bone formation is completed using brightness thresholds for different types of bone (native, bovine bone graft, newly-formed bone). In the clinical part, the CBCT evaluation showed a statistical significant increase in new bone formation of PBM group compared to the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The animal study and the human one demonstrates quantitatively and qualitatively the positive impact of PBM on bone regeneration.